Embedded systems
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Introduction
Embedded systems are the combination of both hardware and software technologies where it is task-specific performing a single task in larger systems. It has the ability to work without User Interface(UI) where buttons, touchscreens can also be avoided with Graphical User Interface(GUI).
Embedded systems Hardware
Embedded system hardware can be either microprocessor or microcontroller depending upon the task to be performed wherein both the cases integrated circuit is used to carry out the real-time computing.
Microprocessors are visually indistinguishable from microcontrollers. Where microprocessor requires a central processing unit (CPU), memory chips, and peripherals such as flash memory, RAM, or serial communication ports. Whereas microcontrollers are designed as self-contained systems.
Embedded systems Software
Every device we use is programmed directly using the chip CPU’s machine code language. So Hardware without Software is just a toy without battery to operate. As embedded systems are tailored to use in real-time operating environment operating systems or programming languages serves as the backbone for it.
Embedded Java and Windows Embedded are some of the examples of Embedded systems software where storage of operating systems and programs is made by either flash or rewritable flash memories to increase the speed.
Embedded firmware
Embedded firmware is similar to that of a Read-only Memory(ROM) which is specific software to write into the memory where updating is more seamless. It is stored in non-volatile memory devices like ROM, Flash memory, Programmable ROM, or Erasable PROM supporting input and output functionality.
Applications of Embedded systems
Embedded Systems has a wide variety of application diversely in all the domains like education, transport, medicine, space and much more as the embedded system can be interconnected with any device whether its your remote-controlled car or self-driving car.
Embedded System for Detecting Rash Driving on Highways
The aim of this project is to avoid unnecessary accidents in roadways where an automatic speed detector in highways alarms the patrol when a driver exceeds the speed limit of driving the vehicle in accident-prone areas or near schools.
Embedded System for Street Light Control
PIC controller is used in this application where the aim of this project is to conserve energy. The traditional street lights are always on thereby leading to wastage of energy. In this project, the street light turns on when the vehicle is nearing to it and also it gets automatically off when the vehicle goes far away.
Embedded System for Vehicle Tracking
The aim of this project is to detect the location of a vehicle during unfortunate situations of theft. GSM Modem sends an automatic message to the pre-defined mobile number once activated to detect the exact location.
Embedded System for Home Automation
Arduino is programmed along with a Bluetooth controller for making automation in household appliances like fan, light and etc.Once done mobile phone is used to turn on the fan or light with a single tap on your mobile phone where voice control can also be done if required modification is done.
Embedded System for War Field Spying Robot
The aim of this project is to apply RF technology for the design of a robotic vehicle for remote operation where a wireless camera is also attached for monitoring purposes. real-time video with night vision is transmitted without manual operations for spying in war fields. Here 8051 microcontroller is used to perform the required operation.
